Youth-Led Protests Shake Madagascar Amid Service Cuts, 22 Dead

Since late September, Madagascar has experienced significant youth-led protests sparked by prolonged power and water shortages, which have evolved into a broader anti-government movement demanding President Andry Rajoelina's resignation. Demonstrations, largely organized through social media by groups like Gen Z Mada, have taken place across multiple cities, including the capital Antananarivo, where security forces have used tear gas and stun grenades to disperse crowds, resulting in injuries and at least 22 reported deaths according to the UN. Protesters criticize the government's failure to address basic infrastructure needs and accuse it of authoritarianism and violent repression, while the president's dismissal of his cabinet has not quelled public anger. The unrest highlights deep economic hardships in Madagascar, one of the world's poorest countries despite its natural wealth, and reflects longstanding grievances against political elites and perceived corruption. The movement draws parallels to recent youth protests in other countries, emphasizing demands for democratic respect and systemic change. Despite government efforts to engage private sector and administrative representatives, the crisis persists with ongoing clashes and widespread calls for political reform.